Onefinity Original Series X-50

About the Machine

Onefinity no longer sells this model, but it remains fully supported in Easel. The Original Series X-50 was sold in two cut areas: Woodworker at 32 1/8in x 32 1/8in x 5 1/4in and Journeyman at 48 1/8in x 32 1/8in x 5 1/4in. Both ride on a 50mm hollow linear-motion shaft on X and two 35mm hollow shafts on Y, with sealed linear bearings, a 1616 ball screw, and a larger stepper motor rated up to 40% more torque than the X-35 generation; both used an optional BB Buildbotics controller with no router or spindle included.

Cut Settings on this Machine

Every cut starts with one formula: Feed Rate = Spindle Speed (RPM) x Chip Load x Number of Cutting Edges (flutes). Chip load is the thickness of material each cutting edge removes in one revolution of the bit. This number comes from the manufacturer of the bit, which publishes a chip-load chart for each bit diameter and material. Look up your exact bit and material, start from the middle of the published range, and you have the third number in the formula. The chart below shows the recommended spindle speed for each material and bit type.

Onefinity didn't publish an exact NEMA size or torque figure for this generation's stepper, only that it's larger and up to 40% stronger than the X-35 version, and no spindle ships with the machine, so check your router or spindle's actual RPM plate before you set feed rate. The mechanical build steps up from the X-35: a 50mm X-rail shaft, 35mm Y shafts, sealed linear bearings, and a faster 1616 ball screw. A truly rigid machine with a powerful spindle can cut as deep as the bit is wide in a single pass, but that takes real spindle torque, a drive train and clamps that hold firm, a gantry that will not flex, and enough mass to soak up vibration. Without an exact stepper spec to confirm that torque, lean conservative and take shallower passes, working up as you learn the machine. Push too deep and the bit deflects and chatters, leaving scalloped edges, or it rubs instead of cutting and burns the material. The fastest way to dial in a cut is to see what has already worked for other people.

Worked example for feed rate: 1/8in (3.175mm) two-flute solid carbide end mill in hard wood. The chart says 16,000 RPM; since the Original Series X-50 doesn't include a spindle, check your own router or spindle's plate for its actual maximum and cap the RPM there if it's lower. With the bit maker's 0.025mm per tooth (0.0010 in): 16,000 x 0.025 x 2 = 800 mm/min (31 in/min) feed. For depth per pass, start shallow and check Community Cut Settings in Easel for what works on this machine. If the cut sounds strained, reduce the depth, not the feed. Slowing the feed below the chip load makes the bit rub instead of cut.

Community Cut Settings shows the spindle speed, feed rate, and depth per pass other makers actually run for your machine, material, and bit.